Antidiabetic and hypolipidaemic activities of methanolic extract of Polyalthia longifolia leaf var pendular (Annonaceae) in Streptozotocin-induced type II diabetic rats
Abstract
Extracts of Polyalthia longifolia leaf var pendular (Annonaceae) Sonn is used in herbal medicine by the Traditional Medicine Practitioners (TMPs) in Ilorin; Kwara State. Phytochemical screening, antidiabetic and hypolipidaemic
effects of methanolic extract of Polyalthia longifolia var pendular leaf (MEPL) was evaluated in Streptozotocin (STZ) induced type II diabetic rats.
Type II diabetes mellitus was induced in overnight fasted wistar albino rats of both sex weighing 80-150g, by a single intraperitoneal (i.p) injection of 70mg/kg STZ in citrate buffer (pH 4.5), 15 minutes after intraperitoneal administration of 110mg/kg Nicotinamide in normal saline.
Methanolic extract of the plant was administered orally at doses of 100, 200, 400 and 800 mg/kg body weight for 21 consecutive days. Fasting Blood Glucose (FBG) was estimated on overnight fasted rats on day 0, 4, 7, 14 and 21.The diabetic rats were sacrificed on day 21 and their lipid profile determined. The extracts of Polyalthia longifolia var pendular leaf produced dose- dependent blood glucose lowering activity. There was however, no significant difference between the FBG of the diabetic rats treated standard drug Glibenclamide and those treated with the plant extract (p>0.05).
Methanolic extract of Polyalthia longifolia at dose of 400mg/kg body weight significantly reduced P<0.05 elevated serum total cholesterol (50.78%), triglycerides (30.76%), high density lipoprotein (60.00%) and low density lipoprotein (50.86%).
Phytochemical screening of Polyalthia longifolia leaves revealed the presence of tannin, saponin , cardiac glycoside ,terpenoids, alkaloids and flavoniods. It also contains the following metals: Zn (0.68±0.01mg/100g), Cu (0.51±0.01mg/100g) , Ni (0.31±0.04mg/100g), Pb (0.57±0.1mg/100g), Fe (112.83±0.13mg/100g), P (2.45 ± 0.01mg/100g S (1.22±0.01mg/100g) Methanolic extract of Polyalthia longifolia var pendular leaf have both antidiabetic and hypolipidaemic properties to justify its use in herbal medicine by TMPs in Ilorin, Kwara State for the treatment of diabetes
mellitus.
effects of methanolic extract of Polyalthia longifolia var pendular leaf (MEPL) was evaluated in Streptozotocin (STZ) induced type II diabetic rats.
Type II diabetes mellitus was induced in overnight fasted wistar albino rats of both sex weighing 80-150g, by a single intraperitoneal (i.p) injection of 70mg/kg STZ in citrate buffer (pH 4.5), 15 minutes after intraperitoneal administration of 110mg/kg Nicotinamide in normal saline.
Methanolic extract of the plant was administered orally at doses of 100, 200, 400 and 800 mg/kg body weight for 21 consecutive days. Fasting Blood Glucose (FBG) was estimated on overnight fasted rats on day 0, 4, 7, 14 and 21.The diabetic rats were sacrificed on day 21 and their lipid profile determined. The extracts of Polyalthia longifolia var pendular leaf produced dose- dependent blood glucose lowering activity. There was however, no significant difference between the FBG of the diabetic rats treated standard drug Glibenclamide and those treated with the plant extract (p>0.05).
Methanolic extract of Polyalthia longifolia at dose of 400mg/kg body weight significantly reduced P<0.05 elevated serum total cholesterol (50.78%), triglycerides (30.76%), high density lipoprotein (60.00%) and low density lipoprotein (50.86%).
Phytochemical screening of Polyalthia longifolia leaves revealed the presence of tannin, saponin , cardiac glycoside ,terpenoids, alkaloids and flavoniods. It also contains the following metals: Zn (0.68±0.01mg/100g), Cu (0.51±0.01mg/100g) , Ni (0.31±0.04mg/100g), Pb (0.57±0.1mg/100g), Fe (112.83±0.13mg/100g), P (2.45 ± 0.01mg/100g S (1.22±0.01mg/100g) Methanolic extract of Polyalthia longifolia var pendular leaf have both antidiabetic and hypolipidaemic properties to justify its use in herbal medicine by TMPs in Ilorin, Kwara State for the treatment of diabetes
mellitus.
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