Fasting Blood Glucose and Lipid Profile in Human Immune Deficiency Virus positive population in Kaduna, North Central Nigeria

Abstract

Diabetes and hyperlipidemia has been implicated in HIV/AIDS infection. However, this study was carried out to determine the fasting blood glucose and lipid levels of people living with HIV/AIDS that are on antiretroviral therapy in Kadunametropolis. Blood samples of 120 seropositive subjects were randomly selected and 80 HIV/AIDS seronegative subjects were also collected as controls. The CD4 count and body mass index were also estimated. An enzymatic method was used to assess the glucose and lipid levels of these subjects using commercially prepared reagents (Randox kits). The data was analyzed using student’s T-test and P-values (p< 0.005) were considered significant. The patients mean values of FBG, Total cholesterol, and TG/HDLC ratio were 4.6 ± 0.08mmol/l, 4.8 ± 1.28mmol/l, and 1.65 ± 0.07 respectively and were statistically significant when compared with the control group (p < 0.05), which were 4.1 ±  0.11 mmol/l, 4.4 ±  0.13 mmol/l, and 1.39 ±  0.06. The value of BMI in the control group was higher compared with the study group. The female mean values of FBG, Total cholesterol, HDLC, LDLC. BMI were 4.7 ± 0.19mmol/l, 5.1 ±  0.21mmol/l, 1.30 ±  0.07mmol/l, 3.56 ±  0.22mmol/l, 25 ±  0.52 kg/m² respectively were higher when compared with male subjects mean values of FBG 4.5 ± 0.17mmol/l, total cholesterol 4.5 ± 0.15mmol/l, HDLC 1.09 ± 0.05mmol/l, LDLC 3.14 ± 0.18mmol/l and BMI of 24.1 ± 0.55kg/m² . The BMI of female (n = 60) 25 ± 0.52kg/m² was higher compared with male patients (n = 60) which was 24.1 ± 0.55kg/m^2, though the difference was not statistically significant (P>0.05). Higher CD₄ count of 395± 30.65cells/µl was recorded in male patients when compared with female patients of CD4 count 381 ± 29.09 cells/µl which were not statistically significant (p > 0.05). The overall result showed slight increase in the mean values of fasting blood glucose and lipid levels of HIV/AIDS patients when compared with control subjects. However, the result in this study does not indicate abnormally on the patients.